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In their beginnings
Minnie Price and Joe Casada
exchanged vows at the home of Reverend J.S. Brooks in November, 1903. Where did Joe and Minnie Casada first live
afterwards? I don’t know, and like
seventy-eleven other things that I wonder about, it’s too late to ask someone
who might could’ve helped answer that question.
My suspicion is that they made arrangements to rent a place, but they
may have also lived for a while with Joe’s parents, Will and Sarah Casada.
It was about four years later in
August, 1907, shortly after the birth of their third daughter Annie Jo, that Joe
and Minnie bought their first property in the Downing(s) Creek area. Given the fact that they paid but $200 for
100 acres, there was probably no house on the place. They turned around and
sold it two years later – just after their fourth child and first son, Commodore
(name, not title) was born. The sales
price was $350, so they’d apparently put up a rough-cobbed home to live in or
made other improvements. The home location
appears to have been in the area toward the eastern end of Jarrett Road
(approximately in the area denoted by the orange rectangle on the Figure 1 map). They purchased the property from J.O. Smith,
the father of Lawrence Smith, for whom the road noted on the map was named.
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| Figure 1: Map of the area from Hayesville east to lower Downings Creek Road (Google Maps) |
In 1910, Minnie’s brother Will
and his wife Lillie Carter, along with their first four children and Lillie’s
sister were living near the Coleman-Shearer couples who had raised Will and
Minnie. The Coleman home areas along
Jarrett Road are marked by the green rectangle in Figure 1. Will, unlike his brother-in-law Joe, stayed
put. Today, in fact, Price descendants
still live along this section of Jarrett Road.
The first photo we have of Joe and Minnie, along
with their first three children, Lelia Kate, Jura Samantha, and Annie Jo (L-R
in the photo) is shown in Figure 2. Will
and Lillie Price, with daughter Laura Ellen are shown in Figure 3.
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| Figure 2: Joe and Minnie Casada family in 1908 |
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| Figure 3: Will and Lillie Price Family in 1903 |
After selling their first home
place, Joe and Minnie moved to the north a few miles, and rented a home in the
beautiful Tusquitee Valley, where they were found when the 1910 census was
taken. Curiously, the census taker
failed to record the presence of their first son, Andrew Commodore, who had
been born in August, 1909, but did note that Joe’s younger brother, Tom, was
living with the family.
After a couple of years of
tenant life, Joe and Minnie purchased another piece of land in 1911, closer to
where Minnie had grown up – not far from the Coleman and Price homes. They paid $300 for a 40 acre tract, or
$7.50/acre. They stayed here for about three
years before selling the place for $550.
During this era, a country man’s
intelligence was judged by his trading ability.
Clearly, Joe traded well and/or worked hard to have earned such good returns
on property investments in Clay County.
The annualized rates of return for the first and second properties were
26.8% and 20.5%, respectively.
Such financial success would
prove to be elusive for the balance of Joe’s life. My father (Commodore) recalled that after
moving to Swain County, Grandpa made one bad trade after another. The family attributed this to a case of
scarlet fever, and an accompanying elevated temperature which had a lasting
impact on his thinking.
Perspectives on moving
The sale of the property in the
Jarrett Road area, just east of Hayesville, preceded the journey from Clay
County to Swain County one hundred years ago this winter.
Grandpa clearly had a case of
itchy feet. Having moved at least twice
with his parents, he then moved at least thrice between the time of his
marriage to Minnie and when the family left Clay County.
Picking up and moving on was an
integral part of his life experience, and would remain the case until he was
over a half-century old. Based on my
studies of the folks who made their homes in the Great Smoky Mountains during
the same time period, this was actually a quite common pattern. Families who built a home and stayed put for
the balance of their lives were the exception, not the rule; there was
considerable local and regional movement of families.
Of course this completely
contradicts the stereotyped lives of stationary isolation painted by Horace
Kephart in Our Southern Highlanders. Whether the examination is by personal
anecdote, as presented herein, or by more comprehensive primary source-based
(e.g., deed, court, and census record) study, the conclusion of an unbiased
observer will be the same: the majority of the folks who lived in the mountains
of Western North Carolina from the mid-19th century through the
early 20th century moved from place to place with alacrity. The portrait of lives lived in remote isolation
might, in the words of Judge Felix Alley, “sell books in the north,” but it is
terribly flawed with respect to reality.
An aborted repeat of the
journey
It was early in 1915 when Joe
and Minnie set out on what would be an epic journey through the eyes of my then
five-year old father. Daddy’s earliest, and
most vivid, memories were connected to that trip from the lovely Hiwassee River
valley to an isolated tract on upper Juneywhank Branch of Deep Creek. Everything seems bigger through a youngster’s
eyes, and it’s common for adults to go back to a place they’d not seen since
childhood and find it to be much smaller than their memory’s etching. So I had always assumed that stories my father
told were those seen through the exaggerated lens of a child’s eyes.
Having driven or walked as much of
the route as it’s practical to do, and having given consideration to the
overall circumstances, I find that trip beyond epic – it is intimidating just
to consider.. Even though I’ve spent
considerable time wandering deep in the backcountry of the area, I’ll freely admit
that I find myself wanting in both gumption and know-how to make such a trip by
myself – let alone with a wife and six children, the oldest being ten years old,
in tow.
Several years ago, while my
father was alive, I made some rough guesstimates of the route that Joe would
have taken. So one day the two of us
took off on a drive to Hayesville and then followed the first portion of what I
then thought to be the route they’d taken.
After going up the road from Tusquitee through Tuni Gap, our appetites
for food overcame our appetite for further travel, so we made a detour to
Elsie’s in Andrews where Daddy demolished a dinner of beef liver and onions,
mashed potatoes and green beans, then had – as I recall – a piece of chocolate
pie for dessert. Even at the age of 100,
he had a keen appetite, and could put away as much food as I could after I’d been
on a twenty-plus all day hike through the mountains. As was his wont to do after lunch, he settled
into a nap in the front seat of the car, so I just drove on back to the
house. We never finished the other
segments of the journey which were drivable.
After a more careful reconsideration
Two fairly specific details of
the trip, etched in his memory were: a) coming down through the Burningtown
area of Macon County and b) spending a night near the Little Tennessee River
after a heavy rain.
I recently undertook a more
careful study of the roads available at the time to hone in on the route
details. Fortunately, a pair of
1906-1907 USGS topographic quadrangle maps for Nantahala and Cowee districts
provides substantial insight. A study of those maps, informed by my father’s
recollections, has led me to the conclusion that the route they took closely
followed the one I’ll discuss below – which was a bit different than what I’d
earlier guessed. A set of map snippets
accompany this article to help clarify the route. An overall journey route overlaid onto a
Google Earth view is
available.
They set out on this trip in
late January or early February – certainly not an optimal time to be moving in
the mountains, particularly when the route chosen would cross what is now the
Appalachian Trail. While it is
understandable that there would be a need to reach the new home in time for
planting of crops, one would think that waiting until March might have been a
better choice (although March weather can also be dicey).
Whatever the thought process, it
was during this most difficult time of the year that Joe and Minnie set out for
a new home in a small covered wagon which held all their earthly possessions. By now, they had six children: Jura, Kate,
Annie, Commodore, Hall, and baby Hattie.
The four older children (Jura, Kate, Annie and Commodore), ranging in
ages from five to ten, walked the entire way.
Hall, then three and a half, had enough energy to tag along by foot part
of the time, but would have also ridden in the wagon with his parents and baby
Hattie as well.
It was a trip of about 60 miles,
which I suspect took about a week. I’m
going to make a stab at the days involved by map and notation below. Of course I really don’t know the daily itinerary;
this is simply my best judgment, based on a study of the topography accompanied
by consideration of the ages of the children and their endurance as well as
that of the stock.
The beginning: Day One
From their home along Jarrett Road, they went to Downings Creek Road, followed it across the ridge to where it connected with Peckerwood Road and then continued on down into Tusquitee. Along the way, they’d have passed what was then the Chigger Hill School – now the location of the Oak View Baptist Church. An enrollment sheet from 1911 had Jura Samantha Casada listed, along with thirteen Moore, seven Moss, four Garrison, and a smattering of other children whose numbers totaled thirty. Ironically, my mother, Anna Lou Moore, who was less than two years old and living a thousand miles away in the Midwest at the time, was related to almost half of that class. The Clay County connection had nothing to do with my parent’s meeting, by the way; they met at a square dance in Haywood County, a hundred miles away from Clay County.
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| Figure 4: Oak view Baptist Church, former Chigger Hill School location |
I’ve often wondered if Joe and
Minnie and their litter might not have been bid farewell at the Peckerwood
junction, not far above the Chigger Hill School, by some of the other Casadas who
came over from the Licklog Branch area – knowing that this might well be the
last time they saw the family. I don’t
know for certain, but suspect that Joe never saw his parents again, even though
it was more than a dozen years later that they died.
After crossing the bridge at
Tusquitee – where Joe’s father Will Casada would conduct the wedding of Roy
Galloway and Lona McClure two years later, they likely passed by the tenant
home where they’d lived in 1910. It is
certain that they passed immediately in front of the lovely home of William
Patton Moore. My mother, Anna Lou Moore,
lived in this home for a short period after her mother died. She was but a tyke of three or four, but her
grand-uncle apparently made quite an impression on her; she affectionately
referred to him as “Captain Billy.” The attractively
restored home overlooks an equally beautiful section of the Tusquitee Valley
(Figures 5 and 6).
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| Figure 5: Home place of "Captain Billy", William Patton Moore |
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| Figure 6: Beautiful - and level - upper Tusquitee Valley, viewed from the W.P. Moore home place |
Beyond the Moore home, they followed the Tusquitee Turnpike northeast across Tusquitee Gap and down into Aquone. In later years, the more commonly used route going toward Aquone was up Tuni Creek, but at the time, the Tusquitee Gap Road was more developed. It’s my guess that they’d have spent the first night in the upper end of the Tusquitee Valley (marker 1 on Figure 7). This would’ve made their first day’s travel about ten miles, with most of it over relatively level terrain.
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| Figure 7: First part of the journey. Travel route is marked in green, first and second night's estimated stops marked with red dots. The gray dot marks the William Patton Moore home place. Map snippet is from 1906 USGS Nantahala Quad. |
Days Two and Three
Starting out from upper Tusquitee
on the second day, they began some more serious climbing. Although gaining more than a fourteen hundred
feet in elevation before passing through Tusquitee Gap, the grade is moderate
along the entire length – about 500 of elevation gain per mile. Much of their climb to Tusquitee Gap would
have passed through old-growth, primeval forest. The area was later logged by Andrews Lumber,
which ran a rail line up Tuni Creek, a few miles to the west, according to Logging Railroads of the Blue Ridge and
Smoky Mountains, Volume 2, by Thomas Fetters. As can be seen in the map in Figure 7, in
1906 the road up Tuni Creek was a double-dashed line for a ways before dropping
to a single-dashed line – essentially a footpath – meaning that at the time,
wagon travel across Tuni Gap would not have been practical. Although I’ve covered up the road across
Tusquitee Gap with the green line to mark the route, the entire road was marked
as a solid double line, indicating a higher quality road.
While Joe and Minnie’s wagon and
the children’s footsteps followed the same route that the road traverses today,
a major difference between then and now is that today the road has a fine
leveled bed of gravel. A two-wheel drive
vehicle can readily handle it under normal conditions. A century ago, especially in the areas that
saw little sun during the winter, it would have been a muddy and/or
snow-covered mess much of the time.
Based on my own observations
when wandering the western NC area, some of the finest stands of timber in
these mountains can be found in the elevation range corresponding to that on
either side of the Tusquitee Gap (3000 to 3500 ft), so they surely would have
passed some fine old-growth yellow poplar as well as the dominant tree of much
of the area at the time, the American Chestnut.
Today, the view looking back down from a short ways below the gap is
through timber of a size which suggests that at least some of the area has been
logged well after the 1920s (see Figure 8).
After crossing Tusquitee gap,
they began the descent toward the Macon County community of Aquone, now under
the waters of Nantahala Lake. While the
ascent to the gap on the morning of the second day would have quickly removed
them from areas of human habitation, the descent would bring them back close to
homes in fairly short order.
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| Figure 8: A view back down the Tusquitee Creek drainage from a short ways below Tusquitee Gap. |
Even today, a careful observer heading
in the direction of the lake (which can’t be reached by vehicle from this
direction) will note evidence of former human habitation, such as decades old
apple trees still hanging on or a spring surrounded by a bed of periwinkle.
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| Figure 9: Old apple trees in an area which has - for unknown reasons, been kept cleared. |
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| Figure 10: Periwinkle around a spring; a latter-day PVC pipe makes clear and cold water handy for a thirsty traveler. |
The combination of the climb and
descent would’ve taken a toll on the horses and children, so I suspect that the
second night was spent in the Aquone area (marker 2 on Figure 7). At this time, there were quite a number of
families living in the area, as indicated by a web site dedicated to
families of Old Aquone.
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| Figure 11: John L. Moore family of Aquone. Captain Billy Moore is standing in the left foreground. Source: Old Aquone Website. |
One such family was that of John
L. Moore, shown in the Figure 11 photo.
John L., seated on the porch, had taken the side of the Union during the
Civil War. At the time of the photo, his
family was being visited by William Patton (Mama’s “Captain Billy”, also known
as Irish Bill) Moore, who is standing just off the porch in the
foreground. Captain Billy had led a
Confederate cavalry company during the war, spending considerable time in
Tennessee –the home state of J.L. Moore.
Former differences between these Moore men, who were unrelated as far as
we know, had apparently been set aside.
Incidentally, during the period
when the Joe Casada family lived on Tusquitee, the home which they rented was
near that of W.P. Moore, and in fact possibly owned by him, so they would have
been well acquainted with him and his family. A number of the Moore children in
the class with Jura at Chigger Hill were grandchildren of Captain Billy.
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| Figure 12: A view towards Tusquitee Gap from the road east of the former Aquone community. |
Old Aquone now mostly lies under
the waters of Nantahala Lake. The photo
shown in Figure 12 is taken from near the Wayah Road which today winds around
the east side of the Nantahala Lake. The
yellow line marks the approximate route that would’ve been followed by the Joe
and Minnie contingent a hundred years ago.
From Aquone, their journey
continued along a relatively well-developed road toward Kyle (Figure 13). Like Aquone, Kyle was a thriving community,
as illustrated by photos on the Nantahala
website.
My conjecture is that they spent
another night in the Kyle area, even though it was a relatively short trip from
Aquone to there. The horses would have
been still recovering from the climb over and descent from Tusquitee Gap, and
there was a significantly more challenging climb, and particularly difficult
descent facing them. Whether my
grandfather knew what he was getting into before beginning the trip is not
known, but surely the folks around Kyle would have let him know that he had a
tough road ahead.
Day Four
Leaving Kyle, they turned east
to make the ascent to Burningtown Gap. By
mountain standards, this is quite a gently-sloped grade. Maintained Macon County roads still follow
the same route as far as the Burningtown Gap.
Each year, hundreds or thousands of hikers cross the gap on a
perpendicular orientation to that of the road.
The Appalachian Trail passes through the gap, which is a bit over 4200
feet in elevation. Even though
Burningtown Gap is more than 500 feet higher than Tusquitee Gap, the ascent is
even gentler, at well under the 500 feet per mile climb they had experienced
coming up out of the Tusquitee Valley.
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| Figure 13: Map snippet 2, showing the route from Aquone across Burningtown Gap |
The gentle ascent is exceptionally
misleading, however. A look at the topo
map (Figure 13) makes it clear that the descent down to Burningtown would be
considerably steeper than the ascent from Kyle.
As it turns out, the map doesn’t begin to tell the story.
An often-told tale
It was a very short portion of
the journey which had the strongest hold on my father’s memory. He recalled that the family came to a steep
downhill section where the road was completely covered in a thick sheet of
ice. Grandpa stopped the wagon, took an ax,
and chopped a pair of ruts in the ice, spaced the width of the wagon wheels
apart. He then unhitched the team and managed
to get both horses (or mules – I don’t recall) and all the children to well on
below the frozen stretch. Leaving Minnie
on the wagon to depress the brake (for what good it would do on ice), he got
both sets of wheels into the ruts, and then taking the wagon tongue in hand,
pulled it over to the bank so that the front wheels would run sigogglin in the
ruts. Somehow, they managed to maneuver
through safely.
When concluding a retelling of
that story, Daddy would first shake his head a few times, purse his lips, then
incline his head a bit to one side, make a slight nod forward, and observe “They
say that the Lord looks after fools and cripples, and there wasn’t a cripple in
our outfit.”
Getting a fuller appreciation
To be honest, I’d always thought
that my father was just spicing up the tale a bit when he talked about the road
being steep. As it turns out, I was
wrong; he was grossly understating the circumstance.
As noted previously, the trip
occurred in mid-winter, a time when ice is likely to accumulate on roads or
paths, especially those without good ditching.
Add to that a further complication – the vast majority of the descent
from the Burningtown Gap takes place on the north side of a ridge. Then compound that with the obvious steepness
suggested by the density of the topographic map lines, and you can – at least conceptually
– begin to appreciate the situation.
It’s often been my experience
that simple map topography can be misleading.
By far the best way to understand the nature of an area is to put your
feet on the ground and walk it. So on a
balmy afternoon – February 7 of this year – my wife Susan and I decided to do
just that. I figured ahead of time that
there were likely several switchbacks which didn’t show up on the map, and
which would mitigate the steepness of the traversed slope.
That figuring proved wrong. What we found is that the old road is not just
steep – it is exceptionally steep, and there are but two switchbacks on
the entire road. I picked the location
of the photo, taken by my wife, Susan, in Figure 14 because there was such good
sunlight on that section of the road. That
was not the norm when we struggled, huffed, and puffed our way up the old road
on February 7, 2015. Well over half of
the first mile of descent from Burningtown Gap sees little or no sunlight
throughout the winter. Even on the day
we hiked, when the air temperature reached a balmy 60 degrees (I’m in short
sleeves in the photo), and there had been no precipitation for several days,
there were sections of residual ice and snow.
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| Figure 14: Section of the Burningtown Gap Road. I'm standing (dark blue shirt at top of the photo) about 50 or 60 yards away, and close to half that much higher in elevation. |
To give a sense on how steep the
road going down into Burningtown is, let me offer a hiker’s perspective. I’ve hiked all of the maintained trails on
both sides of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, and have followed
innumerable old unmaintained wagon roads, sled roads, and foot paths in the
Smokies. None of them are this
steep over the distance involved. The
steepest maintained Smokies’ trails have a long-term slope of around 700 feet
per mile, although there are shorter sections that are a bit steeper. Keep in mind that these are not intended for
rolling traffic – just hiking. The Burningtown Gap road drops 700 feet in 0.7
miles, more than 40% greater than that of a steep Great Smoky Mountains hiking
trail. Keep in mind that this is also over
the longer haul; there are short sections of the road which are significantly
steeper. It is difficult to convey how
steep some of these sections are without walking them, but perhaps the photo in
Figure 14 will give a bit of a sense.
With the exception of an ATV geared down into double-ought low, you
couldn’t get me on a rolling vehicle under any conditions, let alone a wagon
with nothing but the dubious combination of a hand-levered shoe brake and equine
“whoa” back power. But throw in ice on
the road, and things get carried to beyond absurd.
There’s prima facie evidence
that someone had attempted to take a truck either up or down the road several
decades ago. Regardless of the direction
it was heading, it didn’t get to where it was going (Figure 15).
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| Figure 15: A truck that didn't make it. |
That my father’s telling in
later years actually understated the slope is consistent with my own
experience. Steepness generally has little meaning to a boy who spends his days
wandering around these hills of home. I
recall climbing across Massie Gap on the way from Canebrake to Noland Creek as
a ten-year old youngster. The climb left
no impression on me whatsoever – not a bit more than walking across town on the
level sidewalks of Bryson City. Five plus
decades later, the same climb leaves me huffing and puffing and sucking wind
during numerous stops along the way.
Down in the Valley
I suspect that by the time they
reached the relatively flat bottom of upper Burningtown valley, Grandpa Joe’s
ears had been thoroughly blistered by Minnie, a woman small in stature but with
a tongue which more than made up for whatever she lacked in size, particularly
when it came to dealing with Grandpa (from my recollections, her demeanor
around others was generally calm and restrained, but when it came to Grandpa,
there was no holding back). I also
suspect that the physical stress of the descent would have left the horses worn
out, so it’s my guess that they spent the fourth night near the uppermost homes
on Burningtown Creek of the time (circle 4 in Figure 13).
Upper Burningtown Valley is a truly
lovely place. In the 1819 cession treaty
between the U.S. Government and the Cherokee nation, the new boundary line
followed the Little Tennessee River up the river from the Tallassee area in
Tennessee (below the mouth of Abrams Creek) all the way to the mouth of the
Nantahala River. But at that point, the boundary line switched from a river course
to a mountain course – adhering to the ridgeline which divides the Nantahala
drainage from that of the upper Little Tennessee. The Appalachian Trail now follows that
ridgeline, seen in the distance in Figure 16, and passes through Burningtown
Gap. By running the dividing line along
that ridge instead of continuing to follow the river, all of Burningtown Valley
fell out of Cherokee territory and into the hands of the state of NC (along
with all of modern Franklin and the Iotla and Cartoogechaye valley areas).
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| Figure 16: Upper Burningtown Valley - scores of fine bottomland acres coursed by a pretty stream. |
It is a virtual certainty that
Minnie had never seen the Burningtown Valley, and one can imagine that riding through
such a lovely spot might have at least somewhat tempered her temper. With by
far the worst of the climbing and descending behind them, Joe might have tried
to calm her, saying the worst was over. And
so it was, but they still had troubles facing them in the way of the Little
Tennessee River.
Day 5
It is about 12 miles from the
uppermost homes on Burningtown to the mouth of Burningtown Creek. While the road winds a bit, overall it’s a
relatively easy stretch – especially compared to the crossing of Burningtown
Gap. So my estimating has them completing
the trip to somewhere in the vicinity of the mouth of Tellico Creek, about a
half mile below the mouth of Burningtown Creek, on the fifth day.
At that time, and for some years
afterward, there was no bridge across the Little Tennessee. Today, the Lost Bridge crosses the river a
short ways above the mouth of Burningtown Creek, following the road and section
marked in magenta on Figure 17, which is a snippet from the 1907 Cowee topo,
reprinted in 1921.
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| Figure 17: Section of the 1907 Cowee map, reprinted in 1921, with the continuing journey marked in green. Note that the map snippet has been rotated so that north is to the right. |
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| Figure 18: Shallow Ford of the Tennessee River |
Although Daddy never stated this
to be the case, it would not be surprising if they had to wait for the river to
subside before crossing. The photo in
Figure 18 was taken in the area of the Shallow Ford of the Little Tennessee
(location indicated on the upper right portion of the map snippet in Figure 17),
with the water at normal winter level. While there is a visible set of shoals across
the river, in this writer’s eyes, the idea of crossing even that in mid-winter
in something that floats would be scary.
The idea of relying on purchase provided by horse’s hooves and wagon
wheels to transport two adults and six children is beyond terrifying for the
fellow writing these words.
But the fact that I’m a-writing
and you’re a-reading these lines are proof that Grandpa “got ‘er done.”
The balance of the trip,
following the route of the old Tennessee River Road, originally constructed in
the 1830s, to around the mouth of Sawmill Creek, cutting north towards Lauada,
then following the route that would later become NC 10 and yet later US 19 past
Jackson Line, on to Bryson City, across the bridge in the middle of town, then
up Deep Creek would’ve been a two-day journey of utter mundaneness in
comparison to what they’d been through.
Home again, home again, jiggety-jog
The only point which might’ve
raised Grandma’s hackles during the balance of the trip to their new home was
after they’d passed the home of another Captain Billy – in this case, the Captain
Billy Morris place, which stood next to the modern-day parking area above the
Deep Creek Campground area, near the mouth of Juney Whank Branch. Grandpa would’ve “Hawed” the horses just
before they reached Shytle’s Branch, where they turned sharply to begin the
steep ascent of the old road up Juney Whank Branch. That initial climb, which first approaches
and then parallels the stream as it climbs to above Juneywhank Falls, might
well have reminded Grandma Minnie of earlier parts of the journey; it is steep. But it is also a short-lived climb, and soon
they’d be on a gentle slope, passing by homes owned by the Lollis and Wiggins
families before completing the “country mile” to that uppermost home on
Juneywhank Branch which they’d purchased.
Along the way Minnie might have seen the tentatively-reaching blades and
maybe a few swollen buds of jonquils as well as a patch or two of yellowbells,
both hallmarks of the homes of simple, raw-boned mountain folks who scratched
out a living from meagre acres but still found time for things of frivolous
beauty – if beauty is ever frivolous.
Bringing no works of art to the log
cabin, they joyed in the handiwork of the Master Artist manifest in whiter-than-snow
blooms of bloodroot, dew drops on sarvis, and salamanders in their rocked-in
spring.
Although lacking the acre upon
acre of bottom land lying alongside the Hiwassee in Clay County, this former
home place of a Cherokee fellow named June Whank would become a hardscrabble
farm writ large in the memories of not only my father, but his siblings and
their descendants, yours truly included.
I personally bushwhack up to the home several times each year. The soil is exceptionally fertile; several
second-growth poplars, including one which has grown to 3.7 feet in diameter in
the 80-some years since the park was created are in the former garden area, as
are a number of fine Spanish oaks (southern red oaks), red maples, ash, black
walnuts, and handful of locusts with some of the largest trumpet creeper vines
that you’ll see. The trees around the
home are markedly larger than those lower down in the Juneywhank drainage.
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| Figure 19: Family and Friends Gathered near the Casada home site on Juney Whank Branch |
The land, home, and outbuildings
were purchased from the heirs of Alfred Jefferson Parris, all of whom had
decided the place wasn’t fit to live on after the family patriarch passed on to
his eternal reward, his remains buried in the Deep Creek Cemetery. That cemetery, which stands next to the Great
Smoky Mountains National Park line today, would become the resting place of the
remains of three members of the Casada family: baby Hattie, who died of
diarrhea two months after arriving on Juneywhank, sweet sixteen-year old Kate,
who died in 1922 of tuberculosis caught while helping a Deep Creek neighbor
deal with the same ailment, and Percival, the baby of Joe and Minnie, who also
died of tuberculosis in 1944.
As it turns out, Minnie made the
trip expectantly, though perhaps without knowing it. Seven months after their arrival at the cabin
home, daughter Jessie was born. Jessie,
along with sister Emma, also born on Juneywhank Branch, would be the first in
the family to attend college. The two of
them worked to help cover their costs at Maryville College in Tennessee, helped
along with financial support from older siblings who recognized the value of
education. Both Jessie and Emma,
daughters of parents with 6th and 7th grade educations,
became school teachers.
Travelers in an unknown world
Joe’s feet continued to
itch. The family moved around several
times in the Bryson City area before settling in a home along the river just
above town, almost directly across from the mouth of Deep Creek. Throughout my youth – in fact well beyond the
time when they’d passed, I had it in mind that they’d always lived in that same
old home. It wasn’t until years later
that I cared a whit about their personal life stories, paid attention to tales
told by their children, and then even later began to study on the details.
I’ve personally worked in
forty-two of the fifty states and in a number of foreign countries on several
continents, and traveled in others. The
same is true of siblings and cousins out of the Joe and Minnie Casada
line. But I would aver that nary one of
us – in fact, not the lot of us combined – has traveled as extensively as did
Joe, Minnie, and their six offspring in that single week, sixty mile trip from
Jarrett Road to Juneywhank Branch a century ago.
It was, indeed, an epic journey.
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Thank you, Don, for this wonderful and exceptionally well-researched tale. None of us in this day and age can truly conceptualize the extraordinary undertaking that this journey would have been for the Casada family, and for countless others who migrated into and out of our beautiful area.
Readers, please stay tuned next week. Don has written an epilogue to the story which includes information on how one can visit the Casada home place on Juney Whank Branch.
